Javier Mendoza  /  The Animals  /  Land
Big cats · Land

Leopard

Panthera pardus

Leopards are the most widespread big cat on Earth and the hardest to find. They hunt alone, mostly at night, and keep their kills where lions and hyenas cannot reach them.

A leopard portrait.
Leopard · Serengeti · © Javier MendozaOrder this print
2×
A leopard can hoist prey heavier than itself into a tree
Panthera
Widest
Range of any big cat, from Africa to the Russian Far East
IUCN
~130 lb
A large male; females around 80 lb, with big regional variation
Smithsonian's National Zoo
Vulnerable
IUCN Red List since 2016; several subspecies Critically Endangered
IUCN

Built for the shadows

Leopards are solitary and mostly nocturnal, and their spotted coat, rosettes rather than the cheetah's solid dots, breaks up their outline in dappled light. In the Serengeti they favour the riverine forests and the rocky kopjes where they can watch the plains from cover.

Their signature is strength. A leopard will drag an antelope its own weight or more up into the branches, out of reach of lions and hyenas, and feed on it for days.

Status

The species is listed as Vulnerable. Leopards have been lost from a large share of their historic range, and some subspecies, the Amur and Arabian leopards among them, are Critically Endangered. In East Africa they persist best inside the big protected ecosystems.

In the collection

2 frames · prints from 12″ to 40″+
A leopard portrait.
LeopardSerengeti

The most elusive of the big cats, met for a few seconds before the grass closed around her again.

View & order this print →
A leopard sitting on a granite boulder at first light, mouth open in a wide yawn, backlit by soft green foliage.
The KopjeSerengeti

Perched on a kopje as the sun climbs, a leopard opens into a slow yawn — the unbothered ease of a cat that owns the high ground.

View & order this print →
Own the photograph
Museum-quality prints from 16-bit masters — metal, canvas or archival fine-art paper, printed in the USA.
Order a print

Questions people ask

How strong is a leopard?

Strong enough to climb a tree carrying prey heavier than itself. Leopards cache kills in branches so lions and hyenas cannot steal them.

What is the difference between a leopard and a cheetah?

Leopards are heavier and stockier, with rosette-shaped spots, and they climb and hunt at night. Cheetahs are slim, with solid black spots and tear-line face markings, and they hunt by day in open country.

Are leopards endangered?

Globally they are listed as Vulnerable. Several subspecies are Critically Endangered, and the species has disappeared from much of its former range.

Sources
  1. IUCN Red List, Panthera pardus (2016)
  2. Panthera: Leopard
  3. Smithsonian's National Zoo: Leopard fact sheet
More animals
LionThe only cat that lives in a family CheetahThe fastest animal on land African ElephantThe largest animal that walks the Earth Spotted HyenaNot a scavenger: Africa's most successful hunter All 17 animalsLand & ocean